Alexandria's founded by Alexander

Alexandria's founded by Alexander the Great (by year BC): 334 Alexandria in Troia (Turkey) - 333 Alexandria at Issus/Alexandrette (Iskenderun, Turkey) - 332 Alexandria of Caria/by the Latmos (Alinda, Turkey) - 331 Alexandria Mygdoniae - 331 Alexandria (Egypt) - 330 Alexandria Ariana (Herat, Afghanistan) - 330 Alexandria of the Prophthasia/in Dragiana/Phrada (Farah, Afghanistan) - 330 Alexandria in Arachosia (Kandahar, Afghanistan) - 330 Alexandria in the Caucasus (Begram, Afghanistan) - 329 Alexandria of the Paropanisades (Ghazni, Afghanistan) - 329 Alexandria Eschate or Ultima (Khodjend, Tajikistan) - 329 Alexandria on the Oxus (Termez, Afghanistan) - 328 Alexandria in Margiana (Merv, Turkmenistan) - 326 Alexandria Nicaea (on the Hydaspes, India) - 326 Alexandria Bucephala (on the Hydaspes, India) - 325 Alexandria Sogdia - 325 Alexandria Oreitide - 325 Alexandria in Opiene / Alexandria on the Indus (confluence of Indus & Acesines, India) - 325 Alexandria Rambacia (Bela, Pakistan) - 325 Alexandria Xylinepolis (Patala, India) - 325 Alexandria in Carminia (Gulashkird, Iran) - 324 Alexandria-on-the-Tigris/Antiochia-in-Susiana/Charax (Spasinou Charax on the Tigris, Iraq) - ?Alexandria of Carmahle? (Kahnu)

Thursday, July 20, 2023

To our immortal hero, Alexander. Στην υγειά σας!

How about crowning Alexander with a gold wreath on his birthday? In Greek antiquity, gold wreaths symbolized glory, power, and immortality – three qualities that certainly apply to Alexander! 

These wonderful creations were imitations of laurel, myrtle, olive, ivy, or oak worn during symposia and in processions. I elaborated on the subject in my earlier blog post: Wreaths and crowns of leaves or gold. They also accompanied important people to their burial site, as is the case of Philip’s tomb in Aegae. The gold wreath stood for the king's victories in battle and his immortality. 

Each type of leaf came with its own significance. For instance, oak leaves representing wisdom were used in Philip’s days. They also were symbols of Zeus, as were olive branches. Gold wreaths could also be dedicated to the gods at their respective sanctuaries. 

After Alexander’s death, these wreaths became more popular. They were the result of a high level of craftsmanship since the thin gold sheets had to be shaped into life-like leaves and flowers to produce an extremely fragile piece. 

By the late 2nd /3rd century, they were exclusively reserved for the aristocracy, as recorded by Athenaeus of Naucratis. He was an Egyptian-born Greek writer, who mentioned that guests at luxurious dinner parties in Alexandria wore such gold wreaths. 

Let’s invite ourselves to Alexander’s birthday party and raise our wine beaker to his eternal glory. HAPPY BIRTHDAY!

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